Metformin counters oxidative stress and mitigates adverse effects of radiation exposure: An overview.
Ekaterina E KarmanovaAnatoly V ChernikovAnna UsachevaVladimir E IvanovVadim I BruskovPublished in: Fundamental & clinical pharmacology (2023)
Metformin (1,1-dimethylbiguanidine hydrochloride) (MF) is a drug that has long been in use for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and recently is coming into use in the radiation therapy of cancer and other conditions. Exposure to ionizing radiation disturbs the redox homeostasis of cells and causes damage to proteins, membranes, and mitochondria, destroying a number of biological processes. After irradiation, MF activates cellular antioxidant and repair systems by signaling to eliminate the harmful consequences of disruption of redox homeostasis. The use of MF in the treatment of the negative effects of irradiation has great potential in medical patients after radiotherapy and in victims of nuclear accidents or radiologic terrorism.
Keyphrases
- oxidative stress
- radiation therapy
- induced apoptosis
- radiation induced
- end stage renal disease
- newly diagnosed
- early stage
- dna damage
- chronic kidney disease
- locally advanced
- cell death
- squamous cell carcinoma
- cell cycle arrest
- papillary thyroid
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- climate change
- adverse drug
- risk assessment
- rectal cancer
- human health
- pi k akt