Robust graft survival and normalized dopaminergic innervation do not obligate recovery in a Parkinson disease patient.
Jeffrey H KordowerChristopher G GoetzYaping ChuGlenda M HallidayDaniel A NicholsonTimothy F MusialDavid J MarmionA Jon StoesslVesna SossiThomas B FreemanC Warren OlanowPublished in: Annals of neurology (2017)
These findings represent the largest number of surviving dopamine neurons and the densest and most widespread graft-mediated striatal dopamine reinnervation following a transplant procedure reported to date. Despite this, clinical recovery was not observed. Furthermore, the grafts were associated with a form of dyskinesias that resembled diphasic dyskinesia and persisted in the off-medication state. We hypothesize that the grafted cells produced a low level of dopamine sufficient to cause a levodopa-independent continuous form of diphasic dyskinesias, but insufficient to provide an antiparkinsonian benefit. ANN NEUROL 2017;81:46-57.
Keyphrases
- parkinson disease
- deep brain stimulation
- uric acid
- induced apoptosis
- prefrontal cortex
- cell cycle arrest
- spinal cord
- healthcare
- metabolic syndrome
- case report
- cell death
- minimally invasive
- emergency department
- spinal cord injury
- cell proliferation
- signaling pathway
- functional connectivity
- endoplasmic reticulum stress