The association between BMI and mortality using early adulthood BMI as an instrumental variable for midlife BMI.
Marte Karoline Råberg KjøllesdalGeorge Davey SmithInger AriansenJonas Minet KingeEirik DegerudØyvind NæssPublished in: Scientific reports (2018)
The article aims to describe the association between midlife body mass index (BMI) and cardiovascular disease (CVD)- and all-cause mortality, and to use early adulthood BMI as an instrumental variable for midlife BMI, in order to obtain an estimate less distorted by midlife confounders and reverse causality. Data from Norwegian health surveys (1974-2003) (midlife BMI, smoking, blood pressure, total cholesterol, heart rate), Military Conscription Records, National Tuberculosis Screenings (early adulthood BMI), National Educational Registry and Cause of Death Registry were linked. Participants with data on BMI in early adulthood and midlife were included (n = 148.886). Hazard Ratio (HR) for CVD mortality was higher in men with midlife obesity relative to normal weight (HR = 1.46(95% CI 1.25, 1.70). For all-cause mortality, HR was higher in those with obesity or underweight in midlife relative to normal weight (Men:HR = 1.19(95% CI 1.09, 1.29), HR = 2.49(95% CI 1.81, 3.43) Women:HR = 1.33(95% CI 1.13, 1.56), HR = 1.61(95% CI 1.22, 2.13)). In instrumental variable analyses, increased BMI became more strongly associated with CVD and all-cause mortality, and the increased risk of all-cause mortality among the underweight attenuated.
Keyphrases
- body mass index
- weight gain
- heart rate
- blood pressure
- cardiovascular disease
- physical activity
- weight loss
- depressive symptoms
- metabolic syndrome
- healthcare
- type diabetes
- heart rate variability
- public health
- pregnant women
- mycobacterium tuberculosis
- insulin resistance
- quality improvement
- mental health
- machine learning
- coronary artery disease
- risk assessment
- electronic health record
- skeletal muscle
- middle aged
- hypertensive patients
- hiv infected
- artificial intelligence
- data analysis
- antiretroviral therapy