Comparison of Ultrasound and Electrical Stimulation Guidance for Onabotulinum Toxin-A Injections: A Randomized Crossover Study.
Codrin LunguAlexandra NmashieMary Catherine GeorgeBarbara I KarpKatharine AlterSusan ShinWinona TseSteven J FruchtTianxia WuVivian KooElaine ConsidineGina NoratoMark HallettDavid M SimpsonPublished in: Movement disorders clinical practice (2022)
US and E-Stim localization guidance techniques provide equivalent efficacy in onabotA injections for spasticity and dystonia. US guidance injections are more comfortable for participants. Both techniques are effective guidance methods, with US potentially preferable based on participant comfort.