Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of MAPbX 3 -Based Perovskites (X=Cl, Br, I) for Photovoltaic Applications.

This work mainly focuses on synthesizing and evaluating the efficiency of methylammonium lead halide-based perovskite (MAPbX 3 ; X=Cl, Br, I) solar cells. We used the colloidal Hot-injection method (HIM) to synthesize MAPbX 3 (X=Cl, Br, I) perovskites using the specific precursors and organic solvents under ambient conditions. We studied the structural, morphological and optical properties of MAPbX 3 perovskites using XRD, FESEM, TEM, UV-Vis, PL and TRPL (time-resolved photoluminescence) characterization techniques. The particle size and morphology of these perovskites vary with respect to the halide variation. The MAPbI 3 perovskite possesses a low band gap and low carrier lifetime but delivers the highest PCE among other halide perovskite samples, making it a promising candidate for solar cell technology. To further enrich the investigations, the conversion efficiency of the MAPbX 3 perovskites has been evaluated through extensive device simulations. Here, the optical constants, band gap energy and carrier lifetime of MAPbX 3 were used for simulating three different perovskite solar cells, namely I, Cl or Br halide-based perovskite solar cells. MAPbI 3 , MAPbBr 3 and MAPbCl 3 absorber layer-based devices showed ~13.7 %, 6.9 % and 5.0 % conversion efficiency. The correlation between the experimental and SCAPS simulation data for HIM-synthesized MAPBX 3 -based perovskites has been reported for the first time.