Changes in concentrations of haemostatic and inflammatory biomarkers in synovial fluid after intra-articular injection of lipopolysaccharide in horses.

Similar to inflammatory joint disease in humans, joint inflammation in horses was accompanied by an IA haemostatic response with changes in fibrinogen, TAT and d-dimer concentrations. Inflammatory and haemostatic responses were induced simultaneously and may likely interact. Further studies of interactions between the two responses are needed for a better understanding of pathogenesis of joint disease in horses. Knowledge of effects of repeated arthrocenteses on levels of SF biomarkers may be of value when markers are used for diagnostic purposes.