Considerations for multi-centre conditioned pain modulation (CPM) research; an investigation of the inter-rater reliability, level of agreement and confounders for the Achilles tendon and Triceps Surae.

This study suggests the CPM effect may be site specific (i.e. differences between the AT and Triceps Surae exist). In addition, differences in the reliability between examiners are likely due to the influence of confounders and not examiner technique and therefore appropriate analysis should be used in research investigating the CPM effect.