Early gestational profiling of oxidative stress and angiogenic growth mediators as predictive, preventive and personalised (3P) medical approach to identify suboptimal health pregnant mothers likely to develop preeclampsia.

Unlike OHS pregnant women, SHS pregnant women have high incidence of PE coupled with unbalanced levels of OS and AGMs at 10-20 weeks gestation. Combining early gestational profiling of OS and AGMs created an avenue for early differentiation of PE subtypes in the context of 3 PM care for mothers at high risk of PE.