Accuracy of different diagnostic techniques for Schistosoma haematobium to estimate treatment needs in Zimbabwe: Application of a hierarchical Bayesian egg count model.

The high sensitivity and specificity of a simple questionnaire to estimate treatment needs of S. haematobium suggests that it can be used as a rapid, low-cost method to estimate district prevalence. Our modeling approach can be expanded to include setting-dependent specificity of the technique and should be assessed in relation to other diagnostic methods due to potential cross-reaction with other diseases.