Bimodal Visualization of Endogenous Nitric Oxide in Lysosomes with a Two-Photon Iridium(III) Phosphorescent Probe.
Weijun WuRuilin GuanXinxing LiaoXu YanThomas W ReesLiangnian JiHui ChaoPublished in: Analytical chemistry (2019)
Nitric oxide (NO) is a fundamental signaling molecule that shows complex effects on the catabolic autophagy process, which is closely linked with lysosomal function. In this study, a new lysosome-targeted, pH-independent, and two-photon phosphorescent iridium(III) complex, Ir-BPDA, has been investigated for endogenous NO detection and imaging. The rational design of the probe, as the addition of the morpholine moieties and the substitution of a benzyl group in the amino group in Ir-BPDA, facilitates its accumulation in lysosomes and makes the reaction product with NO, Ir-BPDA-NO, insusceptible in its phosphorescence intensity and lifetime against pH changes (pH 4-10), well suited for lysosomal NO detection (pH 4-6). Furthermore, Ir-BPDA exhibits a fast and 50-fold response to NO in phosphorescence intensity and a two-photon cross-section as high as 60 GM after the reaction, as well as a notably increased phosphorescence lifetime from 200.1 to 619.6 ns. Thus, accompanied by its photostability, Ir-BPDA enabled the detection of NO in the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages and zebrafish model, revealing the endogenous lysosomal NO distribution during inflammation in vivo by means of both TPM and PLIM imaging techniques.
Keyphrases
- living cells
- nitric oxide
- room temperature
- fluorescent probe
- loop mediated isothermal amplification
- high resolution
- oxidative stress
- real time pcr
- label free
- hydrogen peroxide
- high intensity
- inflammatory response
- cell death
- toll like receptor
- cancer therapy
- immune response
- lps induced
- electron transfer
- sensitive detection