The Electric Conductivity of Bi 7 Fe 3 Ti 3 O 21 Doped with Gadolinium.

Bi 7- x Gd x Fe 3 Ti 3 O 21 ( x = (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6)) bismuth-layered perovskite structure compounds have been successfully prepared by a solid-state reaction. The results of X-ray studies indicate that a single-phase ceramic was obtained, characterized by an orthorhombic crystal structure for all compounds within the Fm 2 m space group. Microstructural analysis revealed that introducing gadolinium to the material altered the grain morphology, resulting in a more rounded grain shape and a somewhat disordered arrangement. Moreover, with higher gadolinium concentrations, there is a noticeable increase in the presence of the number of large plates. Impedance spectroscopy has been used to characterize the electrical properties of Bi 7- x Gd x Fe 3 Ti 3 O 21 compounds.