Conspecific odor cues induce different vocal responses in serrate-legged small treefrogs, but only in the absence of acoustic signals.

These results provide evidence that male treefrogs switch calling investment according to different odor cues from conspecifics, and further demonstrate that calling behavior can be affected by chemical cues in anuran species. Our study highlights the potential role of airborne chemical cues in sex identification and contributes to increase our understanding of anuran communication.