Alnus sibirica Compounds Exhibiting Anti-Proliferative, Apoptosis-Inducing, and GSTP1 Demethylating Effects on Prostate Cancer Cells.
Seo-Yeon SeonuMin-Ji KimJun YinMin-Won LeePublished in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (2021)
Alnus sibirica (AS) is distributed in Korea, Japan, China, and Russia and has reported anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and reducing activities on atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions, along with other beneficial health properties. In the present study, we tried to prove the cancer-preventive activity against prostate cancer. The extracted and isolated compounds, oregonin (1), hirsutenone (2), and hirsutanonol (3), which were isolated from AS, were tested for anti-proliferative activity. To do this, we used the MTT assay; NF-κB inhibitory activity, using Western blotting; apoptosis-inducing activity using flow cytometry; DNA methylation activity, using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction in androgen-dependent (LNCaP) and androgen-independent (PC-3) prostate cancer cell lines. The compounds (1-3) showed potent anti-proliferative activity against both prostate cancer cell lines. Hirsutenone (2) exhibited the strongest NF-κB inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing activities compared with oregonin (1) and hirsutanonol (3). DNA methylation activity, which was assessed for hirsutenone (2), revealed a concentration-dependent enhancement of the unmethylated DNA content and a reduction in the methylated DNA content in both PC-3 and LNCaP cells. Overall, these findings suggest that hirsutenone (2), when isolated from AS, may be a potential agent for preventing the development or progression of prostate cancer.
Keyphrases
- prostate cancer
- dna methylation
- cell cycle arrest
- oxidative stress
- radical prostatectomy
- anti inflammatory
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- healthcare
- pi k akt
- flow cytometry
- public health
- induced apoptosis
- genome wide
- gene expression
- atopic dermatitis
- mental health
- squamous cell carcinoma
- immune response
- soft tissue
- inflammatory response
- single molecule
- papillary thyroid
- cell free
- circulating tumor
- south africa
- climate change
- nuclear factor
- copy number
- health information
- squamous cell