Statistical Mechanics of Non-Muscle Myosin IIA in Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Seeded in a Collagen Scaffold: A Thermodynamic Near-Equilibrium Linear System Modified by the Tripeptide Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD).
Yves LecarpentierVincent KindlerXénophon KrokidisMarie-Luce Bochaton-PiallatVictor ClaesJean-Louis HébertAlexandre ValléeOlivier SchusslerPublished in: Cells (2020)
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) were obtained from human bone marrow and amplified in cultures supplemented with human platelet lysate. Once semi-confluent, cells were seeded in solid collagen scaffolds that were rapidly colonized by the cells generating a 3D cell scaffold. Here, they acquired a myofibroblast phenotype and when exposed to appropriate chemical stimulus, developed tension and cell shortening, similar to those of striated and smooth muscle cells. Myofibroblasts contained a molecular motor-the non-muscle myosin type IIA (NMMIIA) whose crossbridge (CB) kinetics are dramatically slow compared with striated and smooth muscle myosins. Huxley's equations were used to determine the molecular mechanical properties of NMMIIA. Thank to the great number of NMMIIA molecules, we determined the statistical mechanics (SM) of MSCs, using the grand canonical ensemble which made it possible to calculate various thermodynamic entities such as the chemical affinity, statistical entropy, internal energy, thermodynamic flow, thermodynamic force, and entropy production rate. The linear relationship observed between the thermodynamic force and the thermodynamic flow allowed to establish that MSC-laden in collagen scaffolds were in a near-equilibrium stationary state (affinity ≪ RT), MSCs were also seeded in solid collagen scaffolds functionalized with the tripeptide Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD). This induced major changes in NMMIIA SM particularly by increasing the rate of entropy production. In conclusion, collagen scaffolds laden with MSCs can be viewed as a non-muscle contractile bioengineered tissue operating in a near-equilibrium linear regime, whose SM could be substantially modified by the RGD peptide.
Keyphrases
- tissue engineering
- mesenchymal stem cells
- aqueous solution
- bone marrow
- endothelial cells
- smooth muscle
- skeletal muscle
- induced apoptosis
- umbilical cord
- molecular dynamics
- single molecule
- induced pluripotent stem cells
- single cell
- cell cycle arrest
- molecular dynamics simulations
- oxidative stress
- cell proliferation
- quantum dots
- cell death
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- high resolution
- machine learning
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- capillary electrophoresis
- neural network