Differences in shuntflow (Qa), cardiac function and mortality between hemodialysis patients with a lower-arm fistula, an upper-arm fistula, and an arteriovenous graft.

Patients with an upper-arm fistula had a higher Qa but similar systolic and diastolic cardiac function. Patients with an upper-arm fistula had a significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality compared with patients with a lower-arm fistula.