Pim Kinases: Important Regulators of Cardiovascular Disease.
Sophie NockEima KarimAmanda J UnsworthPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2023)
Pim Kinases; Pim-1, Pim-2, and Pim-3, are a family of constitutively active serine/threonine kinases, widely associated with cell survival, proliferation, and migration. Historically considered to be functionally redundant, independent roles for the individual isoforms have been described. Whilst most established for their role in cancer progression, there is increasing evidence for wider pathological roles of Pim kinases within the context of cardiovascular disease, including inflammation, thrombosis, and cardiac injury. The Pim kinase isoforms have widespread expression in cardiovascular tissues, including the heart, coronary artery, aorta, and blood, and have been demonstrated to be upregulated in several co-morbidities/risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Pim kinase inhibition may thus be a desirable therapeutic for a multi-targeted approach to treat cardiovascular disease and some of the associated risk factors. In this review, we discuss what is known about Pim kinase expression and activity in cells of the cardiovascular system, identify areas where the role of Pim kinase has yet to be fully explored and characterised and review the suitability of targeting Pim kinase for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular events in high-risk individuals.
Keyphrases
- cardiovascular disease
- cardiovascular events
- protein kinase
- coronary artery
- type diabetes
- coronary artery disease
- heart failure
- oxidative stress
- left ventricular
- induced apoptosis
- aortic valve
- pulmonary embolism
- squamous cell carcinoma
- young adults
- pulmonary arterial hypertension
- papillary thyroid
- signaling pathway
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- childhood cancer