A Continuous Extraction Protocol for the Characterisation of a Sustainably Produced Natural Indigo Pigment.
Elia FrignaniVeronica D'EusanioMauro GrandiLaura PiganiFabrizio RoncagliaPublished in: Life (Basel, Switzerland) (2023)
The sustainable industrial production of indigo necessitates a unique extraction process to separate the plant-derived compounds. Calcium compounds are added to encourage hydrolysis of these precursors and to facilitate the isolation of the final form, resulting in an organic-inorganic composite pigment with unspecified characteristics. In this study, we devised a continuous solvent extraction procedure to fractionate the organic indigoid phase within the composite pigment. Overcoming challenges posed by limited solubility in the common organic solvents, this method allows for the analysis of individual fractions, significantly enhancing resolution. Comprehensive characterisation using spectroscopic analysis, thermogravimetry, and UHPLC-MS/MS revealed the potential for quantifying primary components of the natural pigment and distinct differentiation from the synthetic dye. This approach also holds promise for establishing robust manufacturing practices in the industrial production of natural indigo.
Keyphrases
- ms ms
- water soluble
- wastewater treatment
- heavy metals
- ionic liquid
- healthcare
- primary care
- randomized controlled trial
- liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
- simultaneous determination
- risk assessment
- big data
- high resolution
- highly efficient
- high performance liquid chromatography
- artificial intelligence
- data analysis