Persistent accumulation of gut macrophages with impaired phagocytic function correlates with SIV disease progression in macaques.
Zachary D SwanAnthea L BouwerElizabeth R WonderlichSimon M Barratt-BoyesPublished in: European journal of immunology (2017)
The contribution of macrophages in the gastrointestinal tract to disease control or progression in HIV infection remains unclear. To address this question, we analyzed CD163+ macrophages in ileum and mesenteric lymph nodes (LN) from SIV-infected rhesus macaques with dichotomous expression of controlling MHC class I alleles predicted to be SIV controllers or progressors. Infection induced accumulation of macrophages into gut mucosa in the acute phase that persisted in progressors but was resolved in controllers. In contrast, macrophage recruitment to mesenteric LNs occurred only transiently in acute infection irrespective of disease outcome. Persistent gut macrophage accumulation was associated with CD163 expression on α4β7+ CD16+ blood monocytes and correlated with epithelial damage. Macrophages isolated from intestine of progressors had reduced phagocytic function relative to controllers and uninfected macaques, and the proportion of phagocytic macrophages negatively correlated with mucosal epithelial breach, lamina propria Escherichia coli density, and plasma virus burden. Macrophages in intestine produced low levels of cytokines regardless of disease course, while mesenteric LN macrophages from progressors became increasingly responsive as infection advanced. These data indicate that noninflammatory CD163+ macrophages accumulate in gut mucosa in progressive SIV infection in response to intestinal damage but fail to adequately phagocytose debris, potentially perpetuating their recruitment.
Keyphrases
- escherichia coli
- lymph node
- poor prognosis
- adipose tissue
- magnetic resonance imaging
- multiple sclerosis
- liver failure
- immune response
- neoadjuvant chemotherapy
- nk cells
- cancer therapy
- long non coding rna
- early stage
- drug induced
- cystic fibrosis
- risk factors
- multidrug resistant
- rectal cancer
- dendritic cells
- sentinel lymph node
- klebsiella pneumoniae
- electronic health record