Circulating anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 antibody titers are positively associated with the capacity of insulin secretion in acute-onset type 1 diabetes with short duration in a Japanese population.

Among islet autoantibodies, the intensity of the humoral immune response, as defined by GADA titers, reflected the degree of residual β-cell function in acute-onset type 1 diabetes patients with short duration. Prolonged disease activity might accelerate β-cell impairment in both subtypes of type 1 diabetes.