Changes in vastus lateralis fibre cross-sectional area, pennation angle and fascicle length do not predict changes in muscle cross-sectional area.

(r = -0.649, P = 0.022), and all other associations were weak (|r| < 0.500). Although increases in mean fCSA, PA and VL mCSA were observed, inter-individual responses for each variable and limitations for each technique make it difficult to generalize the morphological adaptations that predominantly drive tissue-level VL muscle hypertrophy. However, the small subject pool is a significant limitation, and more research in this area is needed.