Tracers and Imaging of Fatty Acid and Energy Metabolism of Human Adipose Tissues.
André C CarpentierPublished in: Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) (2023)
White adipose tissue and brown adipose tissue (WAT and BAT) regulate fatty acid metabolism and control lipid fluxes to other organs. Dysfunction of these key metabolic processes contributes to organ insulin resistance and inflammation leading to chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, and cardiovascular diseases. Metabolic tracers combined with molecular imaging methods are powerful tools for the investigation of these pathogenic mechanisms. Herein, I review some of the positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging methods combined with stable isotopic metabolic tracers to investigate fatty acid and energy metabolism, focusing on human WAT and BAT metabolism. I will discuss the complementary strengths offered by these methods for human investigations and current gaps in the field.
Keyphrases
- fatty acid
- adipose tissue
- insulin resistance
- endothelial cells
- type diabetes
- positron emission tomography
- magnetic resonance imaging
- computed tomography
- oxidative stress
- cardiovascular disease
- high fat diet
- induced pluripotent stem cells
- metabolic syndrome
- high resolution
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- coronary artery disease
- photodynamic therapy
- pet imaging
- high fat diet induced
- fluorescence imaging