Amyloidosis refers to a heterogeneous group of disorders sharing common pathophysiological mechanisms characterized by the extracellular accumulation of fibrillar deposits consisting of the aggregation of misfolded proteins. Cardiac amyloidosis (CA), usually caused by deposition of misfolded transthyretin or immunoglobulin light chains, is an increasingly recognized cause of heart failure burdened by a poor prognosis. CA manifests with a restrictive cardiomyopathy which progressively leads to biventricular thickening, diastolic and then systolic dysfunction, arrhythmias, and valvular disease. The pathophysiology of CA is multifactorial and includes increased oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, apoptosis, impaired metabolism, and modifications of intracellular calcium balance.
Keyphrases
- cell death
- oxidative stress
- left ventricular
- poor prognosis
- heart failure
- cell cycle arrest
- cardiac resynchronization therapy
- long non coding rna
- multiple myeloma
- blood pressure
- atrial fibrillation
- dna damage
- diabetic rats
- protein kinase
- induced apoptosis
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- acute heart failure
- reactive oxygen species
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- wild type
- health information
- signaling pathway
- oral anticoagulants
- heat shock