Safety of intranasal human insulin: A review.
Vera SchmidStephanie KullmannWieland GfrörerVerena HundManfred HallschmidHans-Peter LippHans-Ulrich HäringHubert PreißlAndreas FritscheMartin HeniPublished in: Diabetes, obesity & metabolism (2018)
Our retrospective review of published studies on intranasal insulin did not reveal any safety concerns; however, there were insufficient data to ensure the long-term safety of this method of chronic insulin administration. Improved insulin preparations that cause less nasal irritation would be desirable for future treatment.