Early Biological Valve Failure: Structural Valve Degeneration, Thrombosis, or Endocarditis?
Roberta EspositoAndrea BaggianoLaura FusiniSarah Ghulam AliPaola GripariDaniele JunodMaria Elisabetta ManciniRiccardo MaragnaSaima MushtaqGianluca PontoneEugenio PicanoManuela MuratoriPublished in: Journal of clinical medicine (2023)
Biological valve failure (BVF) is an inevitable condition that compromises the durability of biological heart valves (BHVs). It stems from various causes, including rejection, thrombosis, and endocarditis, leading to a critical state of valve dysfunction. Echocardiography, cardiac computed tomography, cardiac magnetic resonance, and nuclear imaging play pivotal roles in the diagnostic multimodality workup of BVF. By providing a comprehensive overview of the pathophysiology of BVF and the diagnostic approaches in different clinical scenarios, this review aims to aid clinicians in their decision-making process. The significance of early detection and appropriate management of BVF cannot be overstated, as these directly impact patients' prognosis and their overall quality of life. Ensuring timely intervention and tailored treatments will not only improve outcomes but also alleviate the burden of this condition on patients' life. By prioritizing comprehensive assessments and adopting the latest advancements in diagnostic technology, medical professionals can significantly enhance their ability to manage BVF effectively.
Keyphrases
- aortic valve
- computed tomography
- end stage renal disease
- magnetic resonance
- ejection fraction
- aortic stenosis
- mitral valve
- newly diagnosed
- left ventricular
- chronic kidney disease
- randomized controlled trial
- decision making
- peritoneal dialysis
- heart failure
- prognostic factors
- magnetic resonance imaging
- pulmonary embolism
- adipose tissue
- metabolic syndrome
- transcatheter aortic valve replacement
- oxidative stress
- climate change
- high resolution
- palliative care
- contrast enhanced