The spike protein of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for infecting host cells. It has two segments, S1 and S2. The S1 segment has a receptor-binding domain (RBD) that attaches to the host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The S2 segment helps in the fusion of the viral cell membrane by creating a six-helical bundle through the two-heptad repeat domain. To develop effective vaccines and therapeutics against COVID-19, it is critical to express and purify the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein. Extensive studies have been conducted on expression of a complete recombinant spike protein or its fragments. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the different expression systems employed for spike protein expression, along with their advantages and disadvantages.
Keyphrases
- sars cov
- respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- binding protein
- angiotensin converting enzyme
- coronavirus disease
- protein protein
- angiotensin ii
- poor prognosis
- amino acid
- small molecule
- induced apoptosis
- transcription factor
- oxidative stress
- cell death
- optical coherence tomography
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- long non coding rna