The Roles and Associated Mechanisms of Adipokines in Development of Metabolic Syndrome.
Ji-Eun KimJin-Sun KimMin-Jee JoEunjung ChoShin-Young AhnYoung-Joo KwonGang-Jee KoPublished in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic indicators that increase the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Visceral obesity and factors derived from altered adipose tissue, adipokines, play critical roles in the development of metabolic syndrome. Although the adipokines leptin and adiponectin improve insulin sensitivity, others contribute to the development of glucose intolerance, including visfatin, fetuin-A, resistin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). Leptin and adiponectin increase fatty acid oxidation, prevent foam cell formation, and improve lipid metabolism, while visfatin, fetuin-A, PAI-1, and resistin have pro-atherogenic properties. In this review, we briefly summarize the role of various adipokines in the development of metabolic syndrome, focusing on glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism.
Keyphrases
- metabolic syndrome
- insulin resistance
- adipose tissue
- uric acid
- cardiovascular disease
- cardiovascular risk factors
- fatty acid
- type diabetes
- skeletal muscle
- blood glucose
- single cell
- high fat diet induced
- cell therapy
- body mass index
- nitric oxide
- mesenchymal stem cells
- glycemic control
- coronary artery disease
- blood pressure