Polarized HLA Class I Expression on Renal Tubules Hinders the Detection of Donor-Specific Urinary Extracellular Vesicles.
Liang WuMartijn H van HeugtenThierry P P van den BoschHans DuimelCarmen López-IglesiasDennis A HesselinkCarla C BaanKarin BoerPublished in: International journal of nanomedicine (2024)
The detection of donor-specific uEVs is hindered by the limited release of HLA class I+ EVs from the kidney into the urine, primarily due to the polarized HLA class I expression on renal tubules. Identifying donor-specific uEVs requires further advancements in recognizing transplant-specific uEVs and urine-associated markers.