The Role of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in the Management of Knee Chondral Defects.
Christopher J BushJohn A GrantAaron John KrychAsheesh BediPublished in: The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume (2021)
Newer techniques involving 3-dimensional bioprinted scaffolds seeded with MSCs allow for the recreation of complex architecture, more closely resembling articular cartilage. These techniques are evolving and have not yet been studied in human clinical trials.