The Role of Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor M 3 in Cardiovascular Diseases.
Xinxing LiuYi YuHaiying ZhangMin ZhangYan LiuPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2024)
The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M 3 (M 3 -mAChR) is involved in various physiological and pathological processes. Owing to specific cardioprotective effects, M 3 -mAChR is an ideal diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Growing evidence has linked M 3 -mAChR to the development of multiple CVDs, in which it plays a role in cardiac protection such as anti-arrhythmia, anti-hypertrophy, and anti-fibrosis. This review summarizes M 3 -mAChR's expression patterns, functions, and underlying mechanisms of action in CVDs, especially in ischemia/reperfusion injury, cardiac hypertrophy, and heart failure, opening up a new research direction for the treatment of CVDs.
Keyphrases
- cardiovascular disease
- heart failure
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- left ventricular
- poor prognosis
- binding protein
- type diabetes
- cardiovascular risk factors
- atrial fibrillation
- metabolic syndrome
- coronary artery disease
- long non coding rna
- cardiac resynchronization therapy
- liver fibrosis
- smoking cessation
- catheter ablation