Feedforward loop between IMP1 and YAP/TAZ promotes tumorigenesis and malignant progression in glioblastoma.

YAP/TAZ have been identified as master regulators in malignant phenotypes of glioblastoma (GBM), however, YAP/TAZ transcriptional disruptor in GBM treatment remains ineffective. Whether posttranscriptional disregulation of YAP/TAZ improving GBM outcome is currently unknown. Here, we report that insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) mRNA-binding proteins 1 (IGF2BP1 or IMP1) is upregulated in mesenchymal GBM compared to proneural GBM, and correlates to patient worse outcome. Overexpression of IMP1 in proneural glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) promotes, while IMP1 knockdown in mesenchymal GSCs attenuates, tumorigenesis and mesenchymal signatures. IMP1 binds to and stabilizes m6A-YAP mRNA, leading to activation of YAP/TAZ signaling depends on its m6A recognition and binding domain. On the other hand, TAZ functions as enhancer for IMP1 expression. Collectively, our data reveal a feedforward loop between IMP1 and YAP/TAZ maintaining GBM/GSC tumorigenesis and malignant progression, and a promising molecular target in GBM.