Total energy expenditure is repeatable in adults but not associated with short-term changes in body composition.
Rebecca RimbachYosuke YamadaHiroyuki SagayamaPhilip N AinslieLene F AndersonLiam J AndersonLenore ArabIssaad BaddouKweku Bedu-AddoEllen E BlaakStephane BlancAlberto G BonomiCarlijn V C BoutenPascal BovetMaciej S BuchowskiNancy F ButteStefan Gerardus CampsGraeme L CloseJamie A CooperSai Krupa DasLara R DugasUlf EkelundSonja EntringerTerrence ForresterBarry W FudgeAnnelies Hc GorisMichael D GurvenCatherine HamblyAsmaa El HamdouchiMarije B HoosSumei HuNoorjehan JoonasAnnemiek M JoosenPeter KatzmarzykKitty P KempenMisaka KimuraWilliam E KrausRobert F KushnerEstelle V LambertWilliam R LeonardNader LessanCorby K MartinAnine Christine MedinErwin P MeijerJames C MorehenJames P MortonMarian L NeuhouserTheresa A NicklasRobert M OjiamboKirsi H PietiläinenYannis P PitsiladisJacob Plange-RhuleGuy PlasquiRoss L PrenticeRoberto A RabinovichSusan B RacetteDavid A RaichlenEric RavussinRebecca M ReynoldsSusan B RobertsAlbertine J SchuitAnders M SjödinEric SticeSamuel S UrlacherGiulio ValentiLudo M Van EttenEdgar A Van MilJonathan C K WellsGeorge WilsonBrian M WoodJack A YanovskiTsukasa YoshidaXueying ZhangAlexia J Murphy-AlfordCornelia U LoechlAmy H LukeJennifer C RoodDale A SchoellerKlaas R WesterterpWilliam W WongJohn R SpeakmanHerman Pontzernull nullPublished in: Nature communications (2022)
Low total energy expenditure (TEE, MJ/d) has been a hypothesized risk factor for weight gain, but repeatability of TEE, a critical variable in longitudinal studies of energy balance, is understudied. We examine repeated doubly labeled water (DLW) measurements of TEE in 348 adults and 47 children from the IAEA DLW Database (mean ± SD time interval: 1.9 ± 2.9 y) to assess repeatability of TEE, and to examine if TEE adjusted for age, sex, fat-free mass, and fat mass is associated with changes in weight or body composition. Here, we report that repeatability of TEE is high for adults, but not children. Bivariate Bayesian mixed models show no among or within-individual correlation between body composition (fat mass or percentage) and unadjusted TEE in adults. For adults aged 20-60 y (N = 267; time interval: 7.4 ± 12.2 weeks), increases in adjusted TEE are associated with weight gain but not with changes in body composition; results are similar for subjects with intervals >4 weeks (N = 53; 29.1 ± 12.8 weeks). This suggests low TEE is not a risk factor for, and high TEE is not protective against, weight or body fat gain over the time intervals tested.