Physical mixture of a cyclic lipopeptide vaccine induced high titres of opsonic IgG antibodies against group A streptococcus.
Harrison Y R MadgeWenbin HuangLachlan GilmartinBerta Rigau-PlanellaWaleed M HusseinZeinab G KhalilPrashamsa KoiralaViviene S SantiagoRobert J CaponIstvan TothRachel J StephensonPublished in: Biomaterials science (2021)
Untreated or reoccurring group A Streptococcus (GAS) infection can lead to a number of post-infection complications, including rheumatic heart disease. There is no licenced vaccine for the treatment or prevention of GAS infection. We identified that a cyclic decapeptide plays a significant positive influence on the adjuvant activity of several lipid-antigen mixtures. Here, three synthetic vaccine components were synthesised: (1) J8-PADRE represents the GAS B cell antigen (J8) conjugated to the universal T helper epitope (PADRE); (2) a synthetic toll like receptor 2 (TLR2) ligand based on a C16 alkyl chain lipid moiety; and (3) a cyclic carrier deca-peptide. Previously, through structure-immune activity investigations, it was observed that a physical mixture of these three components had significantly higher IgG immune responses when compared to a fully conjugated vaccine construct. Expanding the scope of this structure-activity investigation, we show that the presence of the cyclic peptide is required for the induction of a strong, balanced Th1/Th2 immune response when compared with lipid and antigen only, and cyclic lipopeptide plus B/T cell antigen physical mixtures.
Keyphrases
- toll like receptor
- immune response
- inflammatory response
- nuclear factor
- physical activity
- ionic liquid
- mental health
- dendritic cells
- room temperature
- photodynamic therapy
- rheumatoid arthritis
- fatty acid
- biofilm formation
- candida albicans
- oxidative stress
- combination therapy
- monoclonal antibody
- replacement therapy
- endothelial cells