Nanomedicine-driven therapeutic interventions of autophagy and stem cells in the management of Alzheimer's disease.
Fahad Saad AlhodiebMohammad Akhlaquer RahmanMuhammad Abul BarkatAbdulkareem A AlaneziHarshita Abul BarkatHazrina Ab HadiRanjit K HarwanshVineet MittalPublished in: Nanomedicine (London, England) (2023)
Drug-loaded, brain-targeted nanocarriers could be a promising tool in overcoming the challenges associated with Alzheimer's disease therapy. These nanocargoes are enormously flexible to functionalize and facilitate the delivery of drugs to brain cells by bridging the blood-brain barrier and into brain cells. To date, modifications have included nanoparticles (NPs) coating with tunable surfactants/phospholipids, covalently attaching polyethylene glycol chains (PEGylation), and tethering different targeting ligands to cell-penetrating peptides in a manner that facilitates their entry across the BBB and downregulates various pathological hallmarks as well as intra- and extracellular signaling pathways. This review provides a brief update on drug-loaded, multifunctional nanocarriers and the therapeutic intervention of autophagy and stem cells in the management of Alzheimer's disease.
Keyphrases
- cancer therapy
- drug delivery
- stem cells
- induced apoptosis
- signaling pathway
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- cell cycle arrest
- cell death
- white matter
- resting state
- cognitive decline
- oxidative stress
- cell therapy
- randomized controlled trial
- pi k akt
- blood brain barrier
- physical activity
- drug release
- cerebral ischemia
- emergency department
- cell proliferation
- brain injury
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- wound healing
- adverse drug
- mild cognitive impairment
- quantum dots
- subarachnoid hemorrhage