Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common form of cyanotic congenital heart disease. Palliative procedures, either surgical or transcatheter, aim to improve oxygen saturation, affording definitive procedures at a later stage. Transcatheter interventions have been used before and after surgical palliative or definitive repair in children and adults. This review aims to provide an overview of the different catheter-based interventions for TOF across all age groups, with an emphasis on palliative interventions, such as patent arterial duct stenting, right ventricular outflow tract stenting, or balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty in infants and children and transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement in adults with repaired TOF, including the available options for a large, dilated native right ventricular outflow tract.
Keyphrases
- congenital heart disease
- mass spectrometry
- physical activity
- ms ms
- palliative care
- pulmonary hypertension
- young adults
- advanced cancer
- antiplatelet therapy
- aortic valve
- aortic stenosis
- squamous cell carcinoma
- mitral valve
- radiation therapy
- coronary artery disease
- transcatheter aortic valve implantation
- ejection fraction
- rectal cancer