Solvent-free functionalisation of graphene oxide with amide and amine groups at room temperature.

A new solvent free protocol is presented to introduce amide and amine functionalities (N-aliphatic groups) onto graphene oxide in an energy efficient manner. Nitrogen contents of 3.6 wt% are obtained in only 5 minutes at room temperature by using ammonia gas as the nitrogen source for the ammonolysis of graphene oxide.