Newly Designed Quinolinol Inhibitors Mitigate the Effects of Botulinum Neurotoxin A in Enzymatic, Cell-Based, and ex Vivo Assays.
Paul T BremerMichael AdlerCecilia H PhungAjay K SinghKim D JandaPublished in: Journal of medicinal chemistry (2017)
Botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) is one of the most deadly toxins and is the etiological agent of the potentially fatal condition, botulism. Herein, we investigated 8-hydroxyquinoline (quinolin-8-ol) as a potential inhibitor scaffold for preventing the deadly neurochemical effects of the toxin. Quinolinols are known chelators that can disrupt the BoNT/A metalloprotease zinc-containing active site, thus impeding its proteolysis of the endogenous protein substrate, synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP-25). By use of this information, the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of the quinolinol-5-sulfonamide scaffold was explored through preparation of a crude sulfonamide library and evaluation of the library in a BoNT/A LC enzymatic assay. Potency optimization of the sulfonamide hit compounds was undertaken as informed by docking studies, granting a lead compound with a submicromolar Ki. These quinolinol analogues demonstrated inhibitory activity in a cell-based model for SNAP-25 cleavage and an ex vivo assay for BoNT/A-mediated muscle paralysis.
Keyphrases
- structure activity relationship
- high throughput
- single cell
- cell therapy
- escherichia coli
- hydrogen peroxide
- protein protein
- stem cells
- molecular dynamics
- tissue engineering
- squamous cell carcinoma
- healthcare
- amino acid
- nitric oxide
- simultaneous determination
- atomic force microscopy
- transcription factor
- dna binding
- high speed