Can Galectin-3 Be a Novel Biomarker in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia?
Justyna WośAgata SzymańskaNatalia LehmanSylwia ChocholskaMichał Konrad ZarobkiewiczPiotr PożarowskiAgnieszka A Bojarska-JunakPublished in: Cells (2023)
Galectin-3's (Gal-3) effect on the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has not yet been extensively studied. The present study aims to analyze the potential role of Gal-3 as a prognostic biomarker in CLL patients. The Gal-3 expression was evaluated in CLL cells with RT-qPCR and flow cytometry. Due to the unclear clinical significance of soluble Gal-3 in CLL, our goal was also to assess the prognostic value of Gal-3 plasma level. Because cell survival is significantly affected by the interaction between Gal-3 and proteins such as Bcl-2, the results of Gal-3 expression analysis were also compared with the expression of Bcl-2. The results were analyzed for known prognostic factors, clinical data, and endpoints such as time to first treatment and overall survival time. Our research confirmed that Gal-3 is detected in and on CLL cells. However, using Gal-3 as a potential biomarker in CLL is challenging due to the significant heterogeneity in its expression in CLL cells. Moreover, our results revealed that Gal-3 mRNA expression in leukemic B cells is associated with the expression of proliferation markers (Ki-67 and PCNA) as well as anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and can play an important role in supporting CLL cells.
Keyphrases
- chronic lymphocytic leukemia
- induced apoptosis
- poor prognosis
- prognostic factors
- cell cycle arrest
- cell death
- binding protein
- oxidative stress
- single cell
- squamous cell carcinoma
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- signaling pathway
- end stage renal disease
- risk assessment
- lymph node
- radiation therapy
- multidrug resistant
- cell proliferation
- climate change
- long non coding rna
- acute myeloid leukemia
- small molecule
- ejection fraction
- rectal cancer
- artificial intelligence
- combination therapy
- deep learning