The role of adipokines in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus.
G de GennaroG PallaL BattiniTommaso SimonciniS Del PratoA BertolottoC BianchiPublished in: Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology (2019)
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a complex condition whose physiopathology to date has not been completely clarified. Two major metabolic disorders, insulin resistance and β-cells dysfunction, play currently major role in pathogenesis of GDM. These elements are influenced by the amount of adipose tissue present before and/or during the pregnancy. Consequently, adipokines (adiponectin (APN), leptin (LPT), adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein, resistin, visfatin, omentin, vaspin, apelin, chemerin) secreted by adipose tissue, may contribute directly and/or indirectly, through the enhancement of chronic inflammation, aggravating insulin resistance and promoting GDM onset. This review aims to outline the potential physiopathological and prognostic role in GDM of adipokines, mainly APN and LPT.
Keyphrases
- insulin resistance
- adipose tissue
- high fat diet
- metabolic syndrome
- fatty acid
- pregnancy outcomes
- oxidative stress
- pregnant women
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- skeletal muscle
- induced apoptosis
- binding protein
- high fat diet induced
- type diabetes
- cell cycle arrest
- cell proliferation
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- preterm birth
- risk assessment
- signaling pathway