Current and future physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling approaches to optimize pharmacotherapy in preterm neonates.

Knowledge gaps exist, giving rise to various levels of uncertainty in PBPK applications in preterm neonates. To improve this, we need cross talk between clinicians and modelers to generate and integrate knowledge (PK datasets, system knowledge, maturational physiology and pathophysiology) to further refine PBPK models.