Running-induced neurogenesis reduces CA1 perineuronal net density without substantial temporal delay.

Aerobic exercise has many effects on brain function, particularly at the hippocampus. Exercise has been shown to increase the rate of adult neurogenesis within the dentate gyrus and decrease the density of perineuronal nets in area CA1. The relationship between the rate of neurogenesis and the density of perineuronal nets in CA1 is robust; however, these studies only ever examined these effects across longer time scales, with running manipulations of 4 weeks or longer. With such long periods of manipulation, the precise temporal nature of the relationship between running-induced neurogenesis and reduced perineuronal net density in CA1 is unknown. Here, we provided male and female mice with home cage access to running wheels for 0, 1, 2, or 4 weeks and quantified hippocampal neurogenesis and CA1 perineuronal net density. In doing so, we observed a 2-week delay period prior to the increase in neurogenesis, which coincided with the same delay prior to decreased CA1 perineuronal net density. These results highlight the closely linked temporal relationship between running-induced neurogenesis and decreased perineuronal net expression in CA1.