Exploring the Roles of lncRNAs in GBM Pathophysiology and Their Therapeutic Potential.
Christian T StackhouseG Yancey GillespieChristopher D WilleyPublished in: Cells (2020)
Glioblastoma (GBM) remains the most devastating primary central nervous system malignancy with a median survival of around 15 months. The past decades of research have not yielded significant advancements in the treatment of GBM. In that same time, a novel class of molecules, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), has been found to play a multitude of roles in cancer and normal biology. The increased accessibility of next generation sequencing technologies and the advent of lncRNA-specific microarrays have facilitated the study of lncRNA etiology. Molecular and computational methods can be applied to predict lncRNA function. LncRNAs can serve as molecular decoys, scaffolds, super-enhancers, or repressors. These molecules can serve as phenotypic switches for GBM cells at the expression and/or epigenetic levels. LncRNAs can affect stemness/differentiation, proliferation, invasion, survival, DNA damage response, and chromatin dynamics. Aberrant expression of these transcripts may facilitate therapy resistance, leading to tumor recurrence. LncRNAs could serve as novel theragnostic or prognostic biomarkers in GBM and other cancers. RNA-based therapeutics may also be employed to target lncRNAs as a novel route of treatment for primary or recurrent GBM. In this review, we explore the roles of lncRNAs in GBM pathophysiology and posit their novel therapeutic potential for GBM.
Keyphrases
- long non coding rna
- poor prognosis
- network analysis
- genome wide analysis
- genome wide identification
- dna damage response
- induced apoptosis
- transcription factor
- small molecule
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- genome wide
- dna methylation
- young adults
- cell proliferation
- papillary thyroid
- cell migration
- cell death
- cell free
- cell therapy
- circulating tumor
- pi k akt