Review of the diagnosis and treatment of brain metastases.
Yoshitaka NaritaShinya SatoTakamasa KayamaPublished in: Japanese journal of clinical oncology (2021)
Brain metastases (BM) occur in at least 10% of cancer patients, and are one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths and significant deterioration in the quality of life of cancer patients due to the neurological deterioration caused by brain compression and tumor invasion. Whole-brain irradiation has been emphasized as the standard treatment for BM. However, recent clinical trials including the JLGK0901 and JCOG0504 trials conducted in Japan have established therapeutic evidence for the use of stereotactic radiosurgery with regular follow-up with magnetic resonance imaging for BM. In addition to surgery and stereotactic radiotherapy, advances in drug therapy for BM, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors, are expected. This review describes the history and the recent evidence of the diagnosis and treatment of BM.
Keyphrases
- brain metastases
- small cell lung cancer
- magnetic resonance imaging
- clinical trial
- white matter
- resting state
- minimally invasive
- early stage
- radiation therapy
- functional connectivity
- randomized controlled trial
- computed tomography
- coronary artery bypass
- emergency department
- coronary artery disease
- adverse drug
- phase iii
- chronic myeloid leukemia
- study protocol
- drug induced
- combination therapy
- rectal cancer
- diffusion weighted imaging