Quality-by-design-based microemulsion of disulfiram for repurposing in melanoma and breast cancer therapy.

Aim: The current study aims to develop and optimize microemulsions (ME) through Quality-by-Design (QbD) approach to improve the aqueous solubility and dissolution of poorly water-soluble drug disulfiram (DSF) for repurposing in melanoma and breast cancer therapy. Materials & methods: The ME was formulated using Cinnamon oil & Tween ® 80, statistically optimized using a D-optimal mixture design-based QbD approach to develop the best ME with low vesicular size (Z avg ) and polydispersity index (PDI). Results: The DSF-loaded optimized stable ME showed enhanced dissolution, in-vitro cytotoxicity and improved cellular uptake in B16F10 and MCF-7 cell lines compared with their unformulated free DSF. Conclusion: Our investigations suggested the potential of the statistically designed DSF-loaded optimized ME for repurposing melanoma and breast cancer therapy.