The landscape of lncRNAs in cell granules: Insights into their significance in cancer.
Carolina MathiasAna Carolina RodriguesSuelen Cristina Soares BaalAlexandre Luiz Korte de AzevedoVanessa Nascimento KozakLeticia Ferreira AlvesJaqueline Carvalho de OliveiraSonia GuilDaniela Fiori GradiaPublished in: Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNA (2024)
Cellular compartmentalization, achieved through membrane-based compartments, is a fundamental aspect of cell biology that contributes to the evolutionary success of cells. While organelles have traditionally been the focus of research, membrane-less organelles (MLOs) are emerging as critical players, exhibiting distinct morphological features and unique molecular compositions. Recent research highlights the pivotal role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in MLOs and their involvement in various cellular processes across different organisms. In the context of cancer, dysregulation of MLO formation, influenced by altered lncRNA expression, impacts chromatin organization, oncogenic transcription, signaling pathways, and telomere lengthening. This review synthesizes the current understanding of lncRNA composition within MLOs, delineating their functions and exploring how their dysregulation contributes to human cancers. Environmental challenges in tumorigenesis, such as nutrient deprivation and hypoxia, induce stress granules, promoting cancer cell survival and progression. Advancements in biochemical techniques, particularly single RNA imaging methods, offer valuable tools for studying RNA functions within live cells. However, detecting low-abundance lncRNAs remains challenging due to their limited expression levels. The correlation between lncRNA expression and pathological conditions, particularly cancer, should be explored, emphasizing the importance of single-cell studies for precise biomarker identification and the development of personalized therapeutic strategies. This article is categorized under: RNA Export and Localization > RNA Localization RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA-Protein Complexes.
Keyphrases
- single cell
- papillary thyroid
- poor prognosis
- nucleic acid
- induced apoptosis
- endothelial cells
- squamous cell
- signaling pathway
- transcription factor
- long non coding rna
- rna seq
- cell proliferation
- genome wide
- squamous cell carcinoma
- dna damage
- dna methylation
- gene expression
- climate change
- binding protein
- lymph node metastasis
- risk assessment
- pi k akt
- network analysis
- stem cells
- antibiotic resistance genes
- gram negative
- microbial community
- photodynamic therapy
- human health
- wastewater treatment