Bioinspired adaptable multiplanar mechano-vibrotactile haptic system.

Several gaps persist in haptic device development due to the multifaceted nature of the sense of touch. Existing gaps include challenges enhancing touch feedback fidelity, providing diverse haptic sensations, and ensuring wearability for delivering tactile stimuli to the fingertips. Here, we introduce the Bioinspired Adaptable Multiplanar Haptic system, offering mechanotactile/steady and vibrotactile pulse stimuli with adjustable intensity (up to 298.1 mN) and frequencies (up to 130 Hz). This system can deliver simultaneous stimuli across multiple fingertip areas. The paper includes a full characterisation of our system. As the device can play an important role in further understanding human touch, we performed human stimuli sensitivity and differentiation experiments to evaluate the capability of delivering mechano-vibrotactile, variable intensity, simultaneous, multiplanar and operator agnostic stimuli. Our system promises to accelerate the development of touch perception devices, providing painless, operator-independent data crucial for researching and diagnosing touch-related disorders.