Factors affecting the effectiveness and success of retrograde holmium laser endopyelotomy as the primary treatment of ureteropelvic junction obstruction in adults.

Retrograde holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser endopyelotomy is a minimally invasive method that can be used effectively and safely as the primary treatment of patients with ureteropelvic obstruction, when long-term results are also taken into consideration. The decision of performing laser endopyelotomy should be made after a detailed evaluation of the characteristics of the patient as well as of the obstruction.