Reviving ancient therapeutics in modern medicine: an immunological and biological narrative review of wet cupping in the management of Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

This literature review illuminates the documented improvements in immune and biological function due to cupping therapeutic practices and sheds light on its appropriate application in the clinical setting for patients with HT. Furthermore, this review proposes a clear need for implementing future clinical trials, which may effectively bridge pathophysiological causes of hypothyroidism with underrated techniques for enhanced thyroid health.