Effect of vinpocetine alone and in combination with enalapril in experimental model of diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats: possible involvement of PDE-1/TGF-β/ Smad 2/3 signalling pathways.

Vishal Kumar VishwakarmaSadia ShahTajpreet KaurAmrit Pal SinghSudheer Kumar AravaNiraj KumarRaj Kanwar YadavSushma YadavTaruna AroraHarlokesh Narayan Yadav

Published in: The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology (2023)

Vinpocetine is a well-known inhibitor of PDE-1 and the protective effect of vinpocetine in DC is exerted by inhibition of PDE-1 and subsequent inhibition of the expression of TGF-β/Smad 2/3.

Keyphrases

transforming growth factor
epithelial mesenchymal transition
poor prognosis
heart failure
type diabetes
binding protein
immune response
wound healing