The Combined Anti-Tumor Efficacy of Bioactive Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles Loaded with Altretamine.
Yahia AlghazwaniKrishnaraju VenkatesanKousalya PrabaharMohamed El SherbinyNehal M ElsherbinyMona K E QushawyPublished in: Pharmaceutics (2023)
In the current study, the combined anti-tumor efficacy of bioactive hydroxyapatite nano- particles (HA-NPs) loaded with altretamine (ALT) was evaluated. The well-known fact that HA has great biological compatibility was confirmed through the findings of the hemolytic experiments and a maximum IC 50 value seen in the MTT testing. The preparation of HA-NPs was performed using the chemical precipitation process. An in vitro release investigation was conducted, and the results demonstrated the sustained drug release of the altretamine-loaded hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (ALT-HA-NPs). Studies using the JURKAT E6.1 cell lines MTT assay, and cell uptake, as well as in vivo pharmacokinetic tests using Wistar rats demonstrated that the ALT-HA-NPs were easily absorbed by the cells. A putative synergism between the action of the Ca 2+ ions and the anticancer drug obtained from the carrier was indicated by the fact that the ALT-HA-NPs displayed cytotoxicity comparable to the free ALT at 1/10th of the ALT concentration. It has been suggested that a rise in intracellular Ca 2+ ions causes cells to undergo apoptosis. Ehrlich's ascites model in Balb/c mice showed comparable synergistic efficacy in a tumor regression trial. While the ALT-HA-NPs were able to shrink the tumor size by six times, the free ALT was only able to reduce the tumor volume by half.
Keyphrases
- drug delivery
- cell cycle arrest
- drug release
- induced apoptosis
- cancer therapy
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- cell death
- clinical trial
- oxidative stress
- tissue engineering
- quantum dots
- high throughput
- cell therapy
- single cell
- lactic acid
- stem cells
- study protocol
- mesenchymal stem cells
- insulin resistance
- bone marrow
- adipose tissue
- skeletal muscle
- reactive oxygen species
- bone regeneration
- emergency department
- cell proliferation
- drug induced
- adverse drug
- case control