COVID-19 and Mixed Cryoglobulinemia Syndrome: Long-Term Survey Study on the Prevalence and Outcome, Vaccine Safety, and Immunogenicity.
Laura GragnaniMarcella VisentiniSerena LoriniStefano Angelo SantiniGianfranco LaulettaCesare MazzaroTeresa UrraroLuca QuartuccioFabio CacciapagliaRoberto CaporaliAntonio TavoniSilvia MarriGiuseppina CusanoLuisa PetracciaCaterina NaclerioElena TreppoGiulia Del FrateIlenia Di ColaVincenzo RaimondoDaniela ScorpinitiMonica MontiLorenzo PuccettiGiusy EliaPoupak FallahiStefania BasiliSalvatore ScarpatoFlorenzo IannoneMilvia CasatoAlessandro AntonelliAnna Linda ZignegoClodoveo FerriPublished in: Journal of clinical immunology (2023)
The present survey revealed an increased prevalence and morbidity of COVID-19 in MCs patients, as well an impaired immunogenicity even after booster vaccination with high rate of no response. Therefore, MCs can be included among frail populations at high risk of infection and severe COVID-19 manifestations, suggesting the need of a close monitoring and specific preventive/therapeutical measures during the ongoing pandemic.